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发布日期：2025-09-10 浏览次数：13 来源：WOLF-LAB
CCIE EI培训核心笔试题库350-401，LISP原理与对应真题解析
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What is the purpose of the LISP routing and addressing architecture?
It creates two entries for each network node, one for its identity and another for its location on the network.
B It allows LISP to be applied as a network virtualization overlay though encapsulation.
C It allows multiple instances of a routing table to co-exist within the same router.
D It creates head-end replication used to deliver broadcast and multicast frames to the entire network.
What is one characteristic of VXLAN?
Answer：A
Which action is a LISP ITR responsible for?
A finding EID-to-RLOC mappings
B responding to map-request messages
C accepting registration requests from ETRS
D forwarding user data traffic
Answer：A
What is the function of the LISP map resolver?
A to send traffic to non-LISP sites when connected to a service provider that does not accept nonroutable EIDs as packet sources
B to connect a site to the LISP-capabie part of a core network, publish the EID-to-RLOC mappings for the site, and respond to map-request messages
C to decapsulate map-request messages from ITRs and forward the messages to the MS
D to advertise routable non-LISP traffic from one address family to LISP sites in a different address family
Answer：C
What are two of benefits of using VXLAN? (Choose two.)
A It allows for an unlimited number of segments.
B It uses a MAC in IP/TCP encapsulation technique
C It allows multi - tenanted segmentation.
D It has fewer devices to manage.
E It uses all available Layer 3 paths in the underlying network.
Answer：CE
Which LISP infrastructure device provides connectivity between non-LISP sites and LISP sites by receiving non-LISP traffic with a LISP site destination?
A PITR
B map server
C map resolver
D PETR
Answer：A
What is the purpose of the weight attribute in an EID-to-RLOC mapping?
A It determines the administrative distance of LISP generated routes in the RIB.
B It indicates the load-balancing ratio between ETRS of the same priority.
C It indicates the preference for using LISP over native IP connectivity.
D It identifies the preferred RLOC address family.
Answer：B
| 序号 | 项目 | 原理/理解 |
| 1 | LISP设计理念 | “LISP separates the identifier (EID) of an endpoint from its locator (RLOC) in the network, enabling mobility and virtualization.” ——RFC6830 |
| #理解: 传统网络用一个IP的"主机位"标识Endpoint, 用IP的"网络位"标识该Endpoint所在的位置, 这在虚拟化场景很不方便, 如VM跨区域迁移的时候需要改变自己IP的"网络位"(整个IP都要变, 很难做到无缝迁移); 而LISP尝试把 Endpoint(即EID)和Endpoint所在的位置(RLOC)的概率分离, 比如说分别用两个独立的IP进行表示, 再单独用一个表去维护Endpoint与Endpoint的位置间的映射关系, Endpoint间交互时, 骨干路径上的网络设备只需要关心Endpoint的位置IP(发到哪儿?), 把报文发给对应的位置即可, 两端网络设备才关心Endpoint Identifier(发给谁?), 这样VM跨虚机迁移的时候就不用改变自己的IP, 只需要修改对应EID和RLOC的映射关系即可; | ||
| 2.1 | 组件1-ETR Egress Tunnel Router | “ETRs send Map-Register messages to Map Servers to advertise EID-to-RLOC mappings for their site.”——RFC6831 |
| ETRs向Map Server(MS) 发送Map-Register报文, 注册本地EID前缀与自身RLOC的映射关系, 使MS掌握全局EID→RLOC映射; | ||
| 2.2 | 组件2-MS Map Server | “Map Servers store EID-to-RLOC mappings advertised by ETRs.”“Map Servers route Map-Requests to the appropriate ETR based on stored mappings.”——RFC6831 |
| MSs存储ETR注册的EID→RLOC映射(通过Map-Register报文), 维护全局映射表, 接收MR转发的Map-Request, 根据映射表定位到目标ETR, 触发ETR回复Map-Reply; | ||
| 2.3 | 组件3-ITR Ingress Tunnel Router | “ITRs initiate mapping resolution by sending Map-Request messages to resolve an EID to an RLOC.”——RFC6831 |
| ITRs当收到内部EID流量且无缓存的EID→RLOC映射时, 发起Map-Request报文, 查询目标EID对应的RLOC(请求经MR转发到MS或ETR) | ||
| 2.4 | 组件4-MR Map Resolver | “Map Resolver receives Map-Requests from ITRs, de-encapsulates them, and forwards to the appropriate Map Server or ETR.”——RFC6831 |
| MRs接收ITRs的 Map-Request报文(LISP封装), 解封装后根据EID前缀, 转发到负责该EID的MS或直接到ETR(若缓存映射); | ||
| 2.5 | 组件5-Proxy ETR | “Proxy ETR acts as a surrogate ETR for non-LISP sites, enabling interworking between LISP and non-LISP domains.” |
| 实现LISP站点与非LISP站点的通信: (1) 接收非 LISP 站点的流量(目标为LISP EID), 作为ETR代理解封装/封装; (2)向MS注册"非LISP前缀"的代理映射, 使LISP流量能发往非LISP站点; | ||
| 2.6 | 组件6-Proxy ITR | “PITR encapsulates IP packets from non-LISP sources with a LISP header, allowing delivery to LISP endpoints.” |
| 接收非LISP站点发往LISP站点的流量(目标为LISP EID), 封装为LISP隧道包(外层RLOC, 内层 EID), 转发到LISP网络的 ITR/ETR, PITR 是"非LISP流量的入口代理", 解决非LISP流量无法直接路由到LISP EID的问题; | ||
| 3.1 | 控制报文1 Map-Register | (1) 方向: ETR → MS; (2) ETR 向 MS 注册本地 EID 前缀与自身 RLOC 的映射，包含EID 前缀、RLOC、优先级、权重等信息。MS 验证后存储映射。 |
| 3.2 | 控制报文2 Map-Request | (1) 方向: ITR → MR → MS → ETR; (2) ITR查询目标EID的RLOC: ①ITR 封装Map-Request(含目标 EID), 发往 MR; ②MR解封装, 转发到 MS; ③MS根据映射表, 将请求定向到目标ETR; ④ETR回复Map-Reply; |
| 3.3 | 控制报文3 Map-Reply | (1) 方向: ETR → MS → MR → ITR; (2) ETR回复目标EID的RLOC/优先级/权重等映射信息, 经MS/MR返回ITR(ITR缓存映射, 用于后续数据平面封装); 其中权重影响同优先级ETR间的负载均衡比例; |
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